Effects of Sleep Defi ciency on Hormones, Cytokines, and Metabolism

S. Redline and N.A. Berger (eds.), Impact of Sleep and Sleep Disturbances on Obesity and Cancer, Energy Balance and Cancer 8, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-9527-7_2, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 Abstract What are the best approaches to reduce the staggering health and economic costs of the diabetes and obesity epidemics? Traditional efforts have centered on diet and exercise, which are key health behaviors during wakefulness. Yet, mounting evidence supports the addition of sleep as a third pillar of health. Increasingly, scientifi c research suggests insuffi cient sleep puts Americans at risk for weight gain and impaired glucose regulation. Synthesizing epidemiological studies with clinical experiments enables a more complete understanding of these relationships by tying population-level trends to underlying mechanisms and causes. Although the associations between sleep, obesity, and diabetes and their intertwined Chapter 2 Effects of Sleep Defi ciency on Hormones, Cytokines, and Metabolism